Management of colovesical and colovaginal diverticular fistulas Our experience and literature reviewed

Abstract

AIM: This study aims evaluate the effectiveness of various surgical techniques in treating diverticular fistulas, and the safety and efficacy of the laparoscopic procedure comparing our results with those of the literature.

MATERIAL OF STUDY: This was a prospective and uncontrolled study performed at a general surgery units. Between 2005 and 2011, 16 patients (11 men, 5 women) underwent surgery for diverticular fistulas. The mean age was 70.2 (range, 35-87) years. The medical evaluation of these patients was based on symptoms and diagnostic procedures confirming the diagnosis of diverticular fistulas. Our surgical options included one-stage, two-stage, and defunctioning procedures.

RESULTS: Out of 16 cases of diverticular fistula 14 were colovesical and 2 colovaginal. One-stage procedure was performed in 12 patients, two-stage procedure in 3 and defunctioning colostomy in 1. The overall complication rate was 31.2%. We recorded 1 colovesical recurrent fistula. The laparoscopic surgery was performed in 4 patients, nobody was converted to open and there were no post-operative complications and recurrence.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The data show that one-stage procedure is effective in the majority of cases of diverticular fistulas. However, the surgery of colovesical and colovaginal fistulas is often associated to high complication rates. This is often due to the shoddy clinical conditions and long-term diverticular illness of this group of patients. At present, the laparoscopy in an elective setting is not considered any more a contraindication in the treatment of diverticular fistulas.